Neck Circumference as a Marker for Obesity and its Association with Metabolic Syndrome
Keywords:
Neck circumference, Obesity, Metabolic SyndromeAbstract
Background: To Study the relationship of measuring neck circumference as a marker for obesity and to assess the association of neck circumfer ence and metabolic syndrome. Subjects and Methods: Patient fulfilling inclusion and exclusion criteria were diagnosed as metabolic syndrome based on criteria. A cut off value of Neck Circumference was calculated and association between increased neck circumference and different parameters of Metabolic Syndrome was evaluated. Results: 23.90% Subjects had normal NC whereas 76.10% had high NC. The mean NC among the study subjects was 38.18±2.43.High NC was seen in 62.79% males and 81.03% females. Mean age of subjects having high NC was 52.04 ±9.82 years. Mean weight for subjects was 78.37 ± 9.45 kgs. Mean BMI for subjects was 33.24 ± 5.62 kg/m2. Mean SBP was 135.21 ± 8.42 mmHg and DBP was 86.08 ± 4.98 mmHg Mean FBG was 144.78 ± 41.02 among subjects with high NC. The mean triglycerides were 163.75 ± 42.19, mean HDL was 38.96 ± 9.42, mean LDL was 114.11 ± 34.66, and mean VLDL was 33.67 ± 8.82.The ROC among the scoring system was found to be highly significant. Overall NC cut off ≥38.0cm was found to be effective for evaluation of metabolic syndrome. In the study population, among males the cutoff value was 38.5 cm while the same was found to be 34.5 cm for females The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of Neck circumference in the prediction of metabolic syndrome is 87%, 100%,100%, 94% respectively. The accuracy rate of Neck circumference was 84.50%. Conclusion: Neck Circumference was revealed to be a better, simpler and more reliable independent anthropometric measurement as predictor of metabolic syndrome, adiposity and cardiovascular risk than BMI.
Downloads
References
1. Kalra S, Unnikrishnan AG. Obesity in India: the weight of the nation. J Med Nutr Nutraceut. 2012;1(1):37–41.
2. Klein S, Allison DB, Heymsfield SB, Kelley DE, Leibel RL, Nonas C. Waist circumference and cardiometabolic risk: A consensus statement from shaping America’s health: Association for weight management and obesity prevention; NAASO, the obesity society; the American society for nutri tion; and the American diabetes association. Am J Clin Nutr. 2007;85(5):1197–202. Available from: https://doi.org/10. 1093/ajcn/85.5.1197.
3. Nakamura Y, Turin TC, Kita Y, Tamaki S, Tsujita Y, Kadowaki T. Associations of obesity measures with metabolic risk factors in a community-based population in Japan. Circ J. 2007;71(5):776–781. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1253/ circj.71.776.
4. Palacios C, Pérez CM, Guzmán M, Ortiz AP, Ayala A, Suárez E. Association between adiposity indices and cardiometabolic risk factors among adults living in Puerto Rico. Public Health Nutr. 2011;14(10):1714–1723. Available from: https://doi.org/ 10.1017/s1368980011000796.
5. Shen W, Wang Z, Punyanita M, Lei J, Sinav A, Kral JG, et al. Adipose tissue quantification by imaging methods: a proposed classification. Obes Res. 2003;11(1):5–16. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2003.3.
6. Obesity: Preventing and Managing the Epidemic. World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser. 2000;894:1–253.
7. Rothman KJ. BMI-related errors in the measurement of obesity. Int J Obes (Lond). 2008;32(3):56–59. Available from: https: //doi.org/10.1038/ijo.2008.87.
8. Preventing and managing the global epidemic. World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser. 2000;894:1–253.
9. Walton C, Lees B, Crook D, Worthington M, Godsland IF, Stevenson JC. Body fat distribution, rather than overall adiposity, influences serum lipids and lipoproteins in healthy men independently of age. Am J Med. 1995;99(5):459– 64. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9343(99) 80220-4.
10. Ben-Noun L, Sohar E, Laor A. Neck circumference as a simple screening measure for identifying overweight and obese patients. Obes Res. 2001;9(8):470–477. Available from: https: //doi.org/10.1038/oby.2001.61.
11. Hingorjo MR, Qureshi MA, Mehdi A. Neck circumference as a useful marker of obesity: a comparison with body mass index and waist circumference. J Pak Med Assoc. 2012;62(1):36–40.
12. Ben-Noun L, Sohar E, Laor A. Neck circumference as a simple screening measure for identifying overweight and obese patients. Obes Res. 2001;9:470–477.
13. Hai AA, Iftikhar S, Latif S, Herekar F, Javed S, Patel MJ. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in overweight and obese patients and their measurement of neck circumference: A cross sectional study. Cureus. 2019;11(11):6114. Available from: https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.6114.
14. Kumar NV, Ismail MH, P M, M G, Tripathy M. Neck Circumference and Cardio- Metabolic Syndrome. J Clin Diagn Res. 2014;8(7):23–25. Available from: https://dx.doi.org/10. 7860/JCDR/2014/8455.4641.
15. Albassam RS, Al-Daghri NM, Lei KY. Neck circumference as a new anthropometric indicator for prediction of metabolic syndrome in Arab women. Int J Health Sci Res. 2021;11(1):21– 32.
